A review of stroke outcome measures valid and reliable for administration by postal survey
- Abstract:
- Collecting outcome measures by patient or proxycompleted postal survey in stroke research offers a pragmatic and cost-effective alternative to interviewbased assessments. The psychometric properties of outcome measures cannot be assumed to be equivalent across methods of questionnaire administration. Many stroke outcome measures have variable or unproven psychometric properties when administered by post. The validity of stroke research that uses postal surveys may be improved through the adoption of questionnaires with acceptable postal psychometric properties. This review identifies 60 reports of quantitative stroke studies using one or more of 36 instruments to collect stroke outcome data by postal survey. Three of these instruments have acceptable psychometric properties for postal administration in stroke populations (the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI), Subjective Index of Physical and Social Outcome (SIPSO) and the EuroQoL (EQ5D)). Two further instruments lack evidence to support proxy reliability (Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living and London Handicap Score), but have otherwise acceptable properties.
- DOI:
- 10.1017/S0959259810000213
- URL:
- <Go to ISI>://WOS:000217983300008
- Journal:
- Reviews in Clinical Gerontology
- issn:
- 0959-2598
- Publication year:
- 2010
- pages:
- 338-353
- Symptom status:
- Cognitive/mental state
Emotional state
Physical state - Functional status:
- Physical functioning
Role functioning
Social functioning - General health perceptions / HRQoL:
- Health-related quality of life
- Age:
- Adults (18-65)
Seniors (65+) - Disease:
- Diseases of and symptoms related to the nervous system
- PRO / non-PRO:
- Non-patient Reported Outcome
Patient Reported Outcome - Type of measurement instrument:
- 1 - Questionnaires
- Instrument:
- BDI - Beck Depression Inventory (versions: mBDI; BDI-Y; BDI-SF)
BI - Barthel Index (versions: MBI - modified BI; Extended BI with Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients; iv-BI - Dutch interview version)
CIS - Checklist Individual Strength (versions: CIS-20; CIS-20R)
EQ-5D - EuroQoL-5 Dimensions (versions: EQ5D-VAS; Patient-Reported Health Score; EQ-5D-Pso - EQ-5D-Psoriasis)
Euroqol
FAI - Frenchay Activities Index
FIS / FFSS - Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) or Fisk Fatigue Severity Score (FFSS) (versions: D-FIS or FIS-D - FIS for daily use; U-FIS - Unidimensional FIS)
GDS - Geriatric Depression Scale (versions: GDS-SF; GDS-5; GDS-15; GDS-30; GDS-12 R - GDS-12 Recidential)
GHQ - General Health Questionnaire (versions: original = GHQ-60; GHQ-7; GHQ-12; GHQ-20; GHQ-28; GHQW-30; GHQ-36)
HADS - Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Howell Questionnaire
LHS - London Handicap Scale
LSSS - London Stroke Satisfaction Scale (versions: SASC-19 - Dutch LSSS)
MRS - Modified Rankin Scale
NEADL - Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale
NHP - Nottingham Health Profile
NLQ - Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire
OHS - Oxford Handicap Scale
RNL - Reintegration to Normal Living Index (alias RNLI)
SDS - Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (also: ZSDS ; versions: mZSDS)
SEQ - Stroke Expectation Questionnaire
SF-12 - 12-item Short Form Health Survey [alias: RAND-12] (versions: SF-12v2; VR-12 - Veterans SF-12; SF-12 MCS; SF-12 PCS)
SF-36 - 36-item Short Form Health Survey [alias: RAND-36][alias: MOS SF-36]] (versions: VSF-36 LoA - Visual Version of the SF-36 Limitations of Physical Activities domain; VR-36 - Veterans SF-36)
| | also see: database.cosmin.nl
SIP - Sickness Impact Profile (versions: SIP-8; SIP-68; SIP-136; SIP-SV; UKSIP; SIP/ALS-19)
SIPSO - Subjective Index of Physical and Social Outcome
SIS - Stroke Impact Scale (versions: SIS 3.0; SIS-16)
Two Simple Questions
WDI - Wakefield Self-Assessment Depression Inventory
WHOQOL-BREF - World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire–Abbreviated Questionnaire (versions: WHOQOL-HIV-BREF; WHOQOL-BREF dialysis)